Dangers of Gum Disease

Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a series of inflammations that affect the tissues around the teeth. In an early stage called gingivitis, the gums are swollen, red, and may bleed. Periodontitis, a more serious form of periodontitis, can pull it away from the tooth, bone can be lost, and the tooth can become loose or fall out. Bad breath can also occur. Dangers of Gum Disease

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The radiograph shows bone loss (black area) between the two roots of the tooth. Due to infection under the tooth, the spongy bone has receded, reducing bony support for the tooth.

Periodontal disease is usually caused by bacteria in the mouth that infect the tissues around the teeth. Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, family history, and certain medications. Diagnosis is made by examining the gum tissue both visually surrounding the tooth and using probes and X-rays to look for bone loss around the tooth.

Treatment involves good oral hygiene and regular professional dental cleanings. Recommended oral hygiene includes daily brushing and flossing. In some cases, antibiotics or dental surgery are recommended. An estimated 538 million people worldwide will be affected in 2015. In the United States, nearly half of people over the age of 30 are affected to some degree, while about 70 percent of people over the age of 65 are affected. Men are affected more than women.

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